Telangana 10th Class Imp Questions

Q: What gas is released during the process of photosynthesis? Which experiment would you conduct to prove it?
A: Oxygen is released during the process of photosynthesis. I will conduct hydrilla funnel experiment to prove that.
Aim: To prove that oxygen is produced during the photosynthesis.
Apparatus: Beaker with water, test tube, funnel, hydrilla twigs, match box.
Procedure: Arrange the apparatus as shown in figure.
Place some hydrilla twigs in a funnel and keep it a beaker containing water.
Invert a test tube full of water over the stem of the funnel.
Ensure that the level of water in the beaker is above the level of the stem of the inverted funnel.
Place the apparatus in the sun for at least 3 hours.
After sometime it is observed that gas bubbles come from the hydrilla plants and these are collected at the end of the test tube.
After sufficient gas is collected, test tube is taken out of the beaker carefully by closing with the thumb.
Observation: Test the gas in the test tube by inserting a glowing match stick which would burst into flames. This shows the presence of oxygen.
Result: This shows that oxygen is produced during photosynthesis.

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Q: Observe the experiment given below and answer the following questions.
a) Why should we keep this plant in a dark room for three days?
b) Why KOH is used in the above experiment?
c) What precaution should you take in this experiment?
d) What are the raw materials for photosynthesis?

A: a) To consume the carbohydrates which are already present in the leaves. Otherwise experiment does not give better results.
b) To absorb the CO2 present in the bottle.
c) The tip of the leaf should not touch the KOH.
d) Carbon dioxide, water, sunlight and chlorophyll are the raw materials for photosynthesis.

Q: What do you understand about cardiac cycle? Explain.
A: One contraction and one relaxation of atria ventricles is called one cardiac cycle.
The cardiac cycle includes an active phase Systole and resting phase the Diastole of atria and ventricles.
The contraction phase of the heart beat is called Systole and relaxation phase of heart beat is Diastole.
Blood from venacava and pulmonary veins enters the right and left atria respectively. Now the atria contract and force the blood to enter into the ventricles.
When the ventricles are filled with blood they start contracting and atria start relaxing. The aperture between the atria and ventricle is closed by valves on ventricular contraction due to pressure the blood moves into the aorta and pulmonary artery. Then we hear the sound of lub.
When the ventricle start relaxing the pressure in the ventricles is reduced. The
blood which has entered the arteries tries to come back into the ventricles. The valves which are present in the blood vessels are closed to prevent the backward
flow of blood into the ventricles. Now we can listen the heart sound of dub. Then atria come to normal state to contract again.

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Q: What experiment would you conduct to prove that heat is liberated during respiration?
A: I would conduct the following experiment to prove that heat is liberated during
respiration.
Aim: To prove that heat is liberated during respiration.
Apparatus: Germinating bazra seeds (sprouts), thermos flask, thermometer, rubber cork.
Procedure:
Take some germinating bazra seeds (sprouts) into a thermos flask.
Make a hole to the rubber cork and insert thermometer.
Arrange carefully that the bulb of the thermometer should dip in the sprouts.
Record the temperature for every 2 hours.
Observe it throughout the day.
Observation: Constant increase in the temperature is observed in the thermometer.
Germinating seeds respire rapidly and release heat. So, constant increase in the
temperature is observed.
Result: Hence it is proved that heat is liberated during respiration.

Q: ‘Human excretory system is a wonderful mechanism’. How do you support this comment?
A: 1. It is wonder that excretion takes place in the minute tubules of the kidney.
2. It is an excellent mechanism that each kidney is made of a million of nephrons.
3. It is very interesting that the re-absorption of material in the tubular part of nephrons indicates the intelligence of human body.
4. It is very amazing thing that if one kidney is damaged the another one takes the responsibility of total excretion.
5. I feel that the cooperation of vasopressin for the active function of kidneys is wonder.

Q: Observe the diagram given below and answer the following questions.

a) What does the part ‘B’ indicate?
b) What does the part ‘C’ indicate?
c) Which organs produce ova and pollen grains?
d) What are the floral parts that attract insects?
A: a) Sepals. b) Stigma. c) Gynoecium and androecium d) Petals.

Q: How can you justify the enteric nervous system as the second brain of the gut?
A: The enteric nervous system, the second brain consists of sheaths of neurons embedded in the walls of long tube of our gut or alimentary canal.
The neurons of the enteric nervous system enable us to feel the inner world of our gut and its contents.
Enteric nervous system contains mass of neural tissue filled with important neuro
trans meters.
This reveals that it thus much more than merely handle digestion or inflict the occasional nervous pang of hunger.
Enteric nervous system stimulates and coordinates the breaking down of food
absorbing nutrients and expelling of waste.
Thus equipped with its own reflexes and senses the second brain can control several gut functions often independently of the brain.
Several scientists also believe that the enteric nervous system is a way to complicated to have evolve only to make sure things move through and out of our
gut smoothly.
Hence we can justify that the enteric nervous system is the second brain of
the gut.

Q: Who will be responsible for sex determination in human? How do you justify? Explain with the help of a flow chart.
A:  Males are responsible for sex determination of a human baby.

Males have XY chromosomes which determine sex.
Females have XX chromosomes which determine sex.
All the gametes produced by women will be with only X chromosome.
The gametes produced by man will be of two types one with X chromosome and
other with Y chromosome.
If the sperm carries X chromosome and fertilizes the ovum, the resultant baby will have XX condition. So the baby will be a Girl.
If the sperm carries Y chromosome and fertilizes the ovum, the resultant baby will have XY condition. So the baby will be a Boy.
Hence I can say that males are responsible for sex determination in human.

Q: Write about the plant growth hormones and their uses.
A: Abscisic Acid: Closing of stomata, seed dormancy
Auxins: Cell elongation and differentiation of shoots and roots
Cytokinins: Promote cell division, promotion of sprouting of lateral buds, delaying the ageing in leaves, opening of stomata.
Ethylene: Ripening of fruits.
Gibberellins: Germination of seeds and sprouting of buds, elongation of stem, stimulation of flowering , development of fruit, breaking the dormancy in seeds and
buds.

Biology is an important and good scoring subject for students of 10th Class. Following are important questions along with answers from Biology for SSC / 10th Class students of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana Boards. These are 2 marks questions. The questions also useful for other boards with similar lessons in the syllabus.

Q: Which malnutrition disease effects if proteins are absent in your diet? State the characters of that disease.
A: If proteins are absent in our diet it causes a disease known as Kwashiorkor.
Body parts become swollen due to accumulation of water in the intercellular spaces.
Very poor muscle development is seen.
Swollen legs, fluffy face, difficult to eat, diarrhoea, dry skin are the symptoms of this disease.

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Q: What difference will you find between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition?

A: Autotrophic nutrition:
1. It means that the organism prepares its own food and it does not depend on any other organism.
2. Food is prepared from CO2, water and sunlight.
3. Green plants and certain bacteria have autotrophic mode of nutrition.

Heterotrophic nutrition:
It means that the organism does not prepare its own food and it depends on other organisms for food.
Food cannot be prepared from CO2, water and sunlight.
All the animals and fungi, most bacteria have heterotrophic mode of nutrition.

Q: Small intestine is designed to absorb digested food. How do you justify this statement?
A:  The inner surface of small intestine has millions of tiny finger like projections
called villi.
Due to these villi the absorbing surface of small intestine increases.
This large surface area of small intestine helps in the rapid absorption of digested food.
The digested food which is absorbed through the walls of the small intestine goes in to our blood.

Q: Do you think that fibres in food are useful? How?
A: i) Fibres are undigested material in our digestive system but they play an important role in digestion.
ii) Fibres give weight to the food material. So food can move very easily in the alimentary canal.
iii) Fibres clean the digestive system.
iv) Constipation problem is avoided by fibres.

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Q: Plants photosynthesize during day time and respire during the night. Do you agree with this statement? Why?
A: No, I do not agree with this statement.
Plants photosynthesize during day time only.
Plants respire during the day time as well as night time also.
The oxygen produced during photosynthesis is utilized for respiration.
During the night, plants get oxygen from the atmosphere.

Q: Imagine what happens if diaphragm is not there in the body.
A: During inhalation the diaphragm contracts and flattens increasing the volume of chest cavity.
During exhalation it relaxes decreasing the volume of chest cavity.
If diaphragm is not there in the body there will be no breathing movements.
So breathing stops.

Q: Why does the rate of breathing increase while uphill at a normal pace in the mountains? Give reasons.
A: While uphill more energy is required.
To compensate the required energy, the rate of respiration increases.
At higher levels the percentage of oxygen decreases. So to get more oxygen the rate of respiration increases.
Due to this, the rate of breathing increases while uphill at a normal pace in the mountains.

Q:  What is root pressure? How can you say that it is useful to the plants?
A: The pressure exerted by the roots while absorbing water is called root pressure.
It helps the plant to rise water through stem to the leaves.
It pushes the water upwards by few meters and is enough to supply water to leaves in small plants and small trees.

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Q: To keep your kidneys healthy for long period, what questions will you ask a Nephrologist / Urologist?
A: I will ask him the following questions to keep my kidneys healthy.
What are the precautions to be taken to keep the kidneys healthy?
Is there any relation between food habits and functioning of kidneys?
How are stones formed in kidneys? How can I prevent them?
How much water is required daily to keep the kidneys healthy?

Q: ‘Nephrons are functional units of Kidneys’. How will you support this statement.
A: I support this statement.
Each Kidney is formed with approximately 1.3 to 1.8 million Nephrons. Hence Nephrons are called functional units of kidney.
Nephron’s chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances by filtering the blood. Hence nephrons are called functional units of kidneys.

Q: State whether the following actions are voluntary actions, reflex actions or conditioned reflex.
1. Blinking
2. Cleaning a table
3. Salivation when food is put in the mouth
4. We close our ears when we hear unbearable sound
A: 1. Reflex action 2. Voluntary action
3. Involuntary action 4. Conditioned reflex

Q: If you visit a doctor what doubts would you like to get clarified about pancreas?
A: I would like to ask the following questions:
Where is pancreas located in the body?
Why is it called a mixed gland?
What is the role of pancreas?
What happens if the pancreas is removed from the body?

Q: What precautions will you take to keep away from various sexually transmitted diseases?
A: Adhering to moral values.
Leading an orderly disciplined life.
Practicing abstinence till marriage.
Using disposable syringes or sterilized needles.
Avoiding alcohol and smoking.

Q: Will you encourage child marriage? Why?
A: No, I never encourage child marriage.
This is because the sexual act always has potential to lead to pregnancy.
They are not prepared mentally or physically for mother hood.
If they get pregnancy the health of them and their child will be affected.

Q: What do you mean by hunger pangs?
A: When glucose levels in the blood fall, we get hunger pangs in stomach.
Hunger pangs are the hunger contractions that occur in the stomach due to hunger generating signals that reach brain from stomach due to Ghrelin.
The Hormone Ghrelin secreted in the empty stomach is responsible for hunger generating sensations.
Increase in Ghrelin level motivate to consume food.

Q: Imagine what happens if salivary ducts are closed.
A: If salivary ducts are closed saliva is not released into the mouth.
Food will not get moistened and taste is not identified.
Food will not be masticated properly.
Digestion of starch will not be completed.
Movement of bolus in oesophagus will be difficult.

Q: With the help of the given information write your comments on evidences of evolution.
‘Mammals have fore limbs as do birds, reptiles and amphibians. The basic structure of the limbs is similar, though it has been modified to perform different functions’.
A:  The information gives the evidences of evolution.
The limbs are modified to perform different functions.
These organs are called homologous organs.
It indicates that all the vertebrates have evolved from a common ancestor.
This type of evolution is called divergent evolution.

Q: Mendel selected a pea plant for his experiment. Mention the reasons in your point of view.
A: Pea is an annual plant.
It has well defined characters.
It has bisexual flowers.
Predominantly self-fertilization occurs.
Early hybridization can be done.

Q: Prepare slogans to promote awareness in your classmates about ecofriendly activities.
A: If we protect environment, it protects us.
Keep the environment clean, live happily.
Do not spoil the environment and do not spoil yourself.
Beautiful environment – Beautiful future generation.
Live and let live.

Q: Suggest any three programmes on prevention of soil pollution in view of avoiding pesticides?
A:  Biological pest control: By using predators and parasites some harmful insects can be controlled.
By utilizing biological pest repellents such as neem oil.
By using hormones like pheromones, sterilization of the insect pests they can be controlled.

Q: What is biodiversity? What is its importance?
A: Biodiversity is the variety of living things that populate the earth.
The products and benefits we get from nature relay on biodiversity.
We need a rich mixture of living things to provide foods and building materials, as well as to maintain a clean and healthy landscape.
We need to protect biodiversity to ensure we have plentiful and varied food sources.
Biodiversity is important for more than just food.

Q: Think- why the pyramids in ecosystems are always upright?
A: We can see the changes and biological relations in ecosystem in the form of three pyramids.
These are Pyramid of Number, Pyramid of Biomass and Pyramid of Energy.
Pyramid of Number may be upright, inverted or partly upright since there is decrease in the number from producers to consumers.
Pyramid of Biomass may be upright or inverted since there is decrease in the quantity of living matter.
But the Pyramid of Energy is always upright since there is decrease in the source of energy.

Q: If you have a chance to meet pulmonologist what questions will you ask about pulmonary respiration?
A: I will ask the following questions:
What is the size of human lungs?
How do lungs get infected?
What other functions are carried by the lungs along with respiration?
What are the common diseases that affect lungs?
Is pulmonary tuberculosis treatable?