AP – SSC Study Material – Page 15

As you all know, this section is a marks scoring one. First of all let’s take up vocabulary for consideration. Questions relating to vocabulary
are asked both in Paper-I and Paper-II.

Let’s have a glance over the items involved in vocabulary: Word-meanings, synonyms, antonyms, spellings, one-word substitutes,
word formation, choosing right words, suffixes, collocations, homonyms, idioms, irregular plurals, prefixes, binomials etc.

To have mastery over the use of words in the right approach, you have to read a wide range of books with an eye on the use of certain words mainly ‘structural words’.

Apart from reading your reader, you have to make it a habit of reading other various books such as biographies and autobiographies of eminent persons, periodicals, comics and especially newspapers! You
should invariably have a good dictionary of English, say Active Study Dictionary of English, or the like. Keep the dictionary on your table so that you can refer to it wherever you find a new word while reading.

Reading of newspapers and constant referring to the dictionary pays to enrich your word-power i.e., your vocabulary.

Do’s: Reading of the prescribed text book and other books is an advantage. You can grow thinking power and imagination after every reading. Pause for a white after reading every paragraph.

Don’ts: Never depend upon guides. Keep in mind that there is no short-cut for success. Spoon feeding doesn’t pay.

Questions such as fill in the blanks or in cloze type are asked under vocabulary. So a thorough knowledge of vocabulary is essential for scoring good marks. Further, this section will contain questions
related to grammar which will be properly contextualised by embedding them in appropriate discourses. The chosen text should be from different genres i.e., story, description, conversation, etc targeted at this
level.

The grammar and vocabulary items will not be restricted to class 10 Text-book, but will be chosen even from the lower classes. So you have to be thorough with the functional grammar.

School level English grammar, Nouns and Pronouns, Articles, Determiners, Adjectives, Adverbs, Tenses, Verb forms modals, Subject
verb Agreement, Non-finites, Active and Passive voice, Degrees of comparison, Reported speech, Prepositions, Conjunctions, Phrasal verbs, Transformation of sentences, Conditionals, Correction of sentences, etc.,

Essay:

It is a short piece of writing that discusses, describes or analyses a topic. It can describe personal opinions or just report information.

There are many different kinds of essays. Some of the most common ones are: Expository, Compare and contrast, Cause and Effect, Argumentative, Informal, Critical Review, Analytical, etc.

10th Class Social Studies – CCE Pattern
(4 Marks Questions – India – Relief Features)

Q: In what way the Himalayas are influencing the Indian Climate and in turn how this influencing the Indian Agriculture? Describe.

A: The Himalayan ranges run in the west – east direction in the form of an arch with distance of about 2400 km. They are useful to mankind in several ways.

They act as barriers protecting the great plains of India from the cold winds of central Asia during severe winter. This helps Indian Agriculture to cultivate many varieties of crops.

They are caused for summer rains and monsoon type climate in regions that are beyond the western ghats of India.

If there is no evergreen forests in Himalayas, there may be uneven environmental conditions and severe temperatures recorded.

Himalayas serve water for irrigation being the birth places of perennial rivers.

This region is suitable for construction of multipurpose projects which strengthens the Indian Agriculture.

The sediments carried by the Himalayan rivers are deposited in the northern plain in the fertile soil.

The Himalayan slopes suitable for terraced cultivation. Thus, the Himalayas are influencing climate and agriculture of India.

Q: What are the relief divisions that you have to observe to understand the Indian landmass? Describe them.

A: The relief divisions of Indian landmass can be divided into the following groups:
The Himalayas: The Himalayan ranges run in the west – east direction in the form of arch with a distance of about 2400 kms. The formation of the Himalayas influences the Indian climate and agriculture in various ways.

The Indo – Gangetic Plain: The interaction of the three Himalayan
rivers, Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra and their tributaries resulted in the formation of great northern plain. In the beginning it was a
shallow basin that was gradually filled with varied alluvial soil that these rivers brought from the Himalayas.

The Peninsula Plateau: It is surrounded by the sea on three sides.
It is mainly composed of the old crystalline, hard igneous and metamorphic rock. The topography of the plateau is slightly tiled
towards east and the western and eastern ghats form the western and eastern edges respectively.

The Coastal Plain: The southern part of the peninsular plateau
is bordered by narrow coastal strips along the Arabian sea on the west and the Bay of Bengal on the east.

The Thar Desert: It is located on the leeward side of Aravalis
and receives very low amount of rainfall, ranging from 100 to 150 mm per year.

The Islands: There are two groups of Islands – Andaman and Nicobar Islands stretched in Bay of Bengal and Lakshadweep Islands in the Arabian sea.

Q: When compared to the Gangetic Plains the Deccan Palteau is not suitable for Agriculture. Why?
A: Indo-Gangetic Plains is formed by the Himalayan rivers, Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra and their tributaries. It was gradually filled with varied alluvial soil brought by these rivers. So as, it is more
suitable for Agriculture than Deccan Plateau.

Gangetic plains are formed with alluvial soils which are very fertile, so support agriculture.

Gangetic Plains have perennial rivers, whereas Deccan Plateau region doesn’t have any perennial river.

Plains had thick forest and rich variety of wild life. So here, large part of agricultural activities are done.

Plateau region is rich in minerals whereas plains are rich in agricultural practice as most of the people takes agriculture is
their occupation.

The rugged surface of plateau makes irrigation difficult whereas plains provide much irrigation facilities.

In comparison to the Gangetic plains, the plateau region is dry as rivers are not perennial. The irrigation for the second crop depends on deep tube wells and tanks.