Conjunctions : A Conjunction is a word, which joins together two or more sentences or words in order to convey the complete sense of those sentences or words.
Kinds of Conjunctions
a) Co-ordinating Conjunctions: The conjunctions, which join the clauses of equal rank are known as ‘Co-ordinating Conjunctions’.
e.g.: and, or, but, as well as, nor, for, also, etc.,
b) Correlative Conjunctions: The conjunctions, which are used in pairs are known as ‘Correlative Conjunctions’.
e.g.: either… or, neither… nor, both… and, though… yet, not only… but also, no sooner… than, scarcely… when, whether… or, so… as, such that, as … as, such… as, etc.
c) Subordinating Conjunctions: The conjunctions, which join one clause to another on which they depend for its full meaning, are known as ‘Subordinating Conjunctions’.
e.g.: as, than, that, unless, as soon as, because, if, since, though, although, while, before, until, after, whether, as if, in case, so that, as long as, who, which, when, etc.
Read each sentence to find out whether there is any error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. The number of that part is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is 5.
1. Though (1)/ he is rich, (2)/ but still (3)/ he is a miser. (4)/ No error (5).
2. As (1)/ all the workers are very hardworking, (2)/ so the factory is progressing (3)/ by leaps and bounds. (4)/ No error (5).
3. Because (1)/ he is magnanimous (2)/ therefore all his friends (3)/ approach him to seek help. (4)/ No error (5).
4. Although (1)/ it is heavily raining, (2)/ but still he walks (3)/ unmindfully without an umbrella. (4)/ No error (5).
5. I humbly implored (1)/ no other friend of mine (2)/ but (3)/ Arun for succour.(4)/ No error (5).
6. He is no other man (1)/ except (2)/ my brother who has voluntarily extended all the possible help (3)/ for the completion of my venture. (4)/ No error (5).
7. As the examinations (1)/ are fast approaching, (2)/ so the students are devoting (3)/ more time to studies. (4)/ No error
(5).
8. Both President (1)/ as well as (2)/ Secretary have signed the document (3)/ after thorough perusal. (4)/ No error (5).
9. Despite (1)/ my sincere advice (2)/ both Kiran and Tarun have not (3)/ submitted applications before the stipulated time. (4)/
No error (5).
10. The Managing Director (1)/ not only commended the secretary (2)/
for his exemplary service (3)/ but also gave him a cash prize. (4)/ No error (5).
11. Raviraj, who works hard, (1)/ has both won a medal and scholarship (2)/ for his sincerity in discharging his duties (3)/ to the utmost satisfaction of his superiors. (4)/ No error (5).
12. The manager either sanctions (1)/ educational loan or agricultural loan. (2)/ It is completely dependent on (3)/ his discretion. (4)/ No error (5).
13. He was very economical and prudent. (1)/ No sooner had he got the money (2)/ then (3)/ he rushed to the bank to deposit it. (4)/ No error (5).
14. Hardly (1)/ had the workers received the bonus (2)/ than (3)/
they thanked the management profusely. (4)/ No error (5).
15. Scarcely (1)/ had the British left (2)/ the reigns of administration (3)/ than all the Indians felt jubilant. (4)/ No error (5).
16. Until (1)/ the officer displays transparency in all his works, (2)/ he will enjoy himself (3)/ the affection of his subordinates. (4)/ No error (5).
17. He had been serving the nation (1)/ in different capacities (2)/ as long as (3)/ he attained eighty years of age. (4)/ No
error (5).
18. He works hard (1)/ by the sweat of his brow, (2)/ because (3)/ he earns for the future happiness. (4)/ No error (5).
19. He says, (1)/ “five years passed (2)/ since (3)/ I left England”. (4)/ No error (5).
20. He wishes (1)/ to know that (2)/ how much time (3)/ I take in completing the project. (4)/ No error (5).
21. Tell me (1)/ that whether (2)/ you are ready to accept (3)/ the offer extended to you by your officer. (4)/ No error (5).
22. Though (1)/ he is poor (2)/ but (3)/ he is very honest. (4)/ No error (5).
23. This is (1)/ the same bike (2)/ which I (3)/ saw yesterday. (4)/ No error (5).
24. Unless (1)/ you do not not invite him (2)/ in person, (3)/ he will not attend the function. (4)/ No error (5).
25. Both Kiran and Pranav (1)/ are equally renowned singers. (2)/ Pranav sings like Kiran (3)/ in every respect. (4)/ No error (5).
Key with Explanations
(1-4): Two conjunctions should not be used in the same sentence.
1-3; Delete ‘but’.
2-3; Delete ‘so’.
3-3; Delete ‘therefore’.
4-3; Delete ‘but’.
(5-6): ‘Other’ should be followed by ‘than’, not by ‘but’ or ‘except’.
5-3; Replace ‘but’ with ‘than’.
6-2; Replace ‘except’ with ‘than’.
7-3; Delete ‘so’. ‘As’ should not be followed by ‘so’ except
for the sake of emphasis (e.g. As you sow, so shall you reap.)
8-2; Replace ‘as well as’ with ‘and’. ‘Both’ should be used with ‘and’ not with ‘as well as’.’Both… and’ should be used in the
‘positive sense’. In the negative sense, ‘neither… nor’ should be used in the place of ‘both… and’.
9-3; It should be ‘neither Kiran nor Tarun has not’ instead of ‘both Kiran and Tarun have not’.
(10-12): The correlative conjunctions ‘not only… but also’, ‘both… and’, ‘either… or’ and ‘neither… nor’ should be followed
by the same part of speech.
10-5; No error.
11-2; It should be ‘has won both a medal and scholarship’.
12-1; It should be ‘The manager sanctions either’.
13-3; Replace ‘then’ with ‘than’. ‘No sooner’ should be followed by ‘than’ not by ‘then’.
(14-15): ‘Hardly’ and ‘scarcely’ should be followed by ‘when’ not by ‘than’.
14-3; Replace ‘than’ with ‘when’.
15-4; Replace ‘than’ with ‘when’.
(16-17): ‘Until’ is used to express action before a certain time. ‘As long as’ is used to express ‘how long’ an action continues.
16-1; Replace ‘Until’ with ‘As long as’.
17-3; Replace ‘as long as’ with ‘until’.
18-3; Replace ‘because’ with ‘in order that’ or ‘so that’.
‘Because is used to express a ’cause’ or ‘reason’. ‘In order that’ or ‘so that’ is used to express a purpose.
19-2; It should be ‘Five years have passed’. ‘Since’ is preceded by a Verb in the present perfect tense and is followed by past indefinite tense, when it is used as a conjunction.
(20-21): ‘That’ should not be used before a sentence in the indirect speech and before interrogative adverbs and pronouns in the indirect speech.
20-2; Delete ‘that’.
21-2; Delete ‘that’.
22-3; Replace ‘but’ with ‘yet’. ‘Though’ and ‘although’ should not be followed by ‘but. They may or may not be followed by ‘yet’.
23-3; Replace ‘which’ with ‘as’. The adjectives ‘such’ and ‘same’ are followed by the conjunction ‘as’ not by ‘who’ or ‘which’.
24-2; It should be ‘you invite him’. The conjunction ‘unless’ is negative in meaning. Therefore another negative word ‘not’ should not be used.
25-3; Replace ‘like’ with ‘as’. ‘Like’ should not be used as a conjunction instead of ‘as’ in the sentence.